Dual-Band Operation of a Circularly Polarized Four-Arm Curl Antenna with Asymmetric Arm Length

Table 2

Performance comparison between the proposed antenna and the previous single-feed dual-band GPS antennas.

Antenna structure	Overall volume (mm^3)	−10 dB || bandwidth (GHz)	3 dB AR bandwidth (GHz)	Max. gain (dBic)	Max. 3 dB AR beamwidth	Radiation efficiency (%)
Proposed antenna		1.217–1.234	1.220–1.230	6.0	160°	87.0
		1.495–1.595	1.570–1.605	7.0	176°	95.0
Ref. [17]	Exact values not specified	1.2195–1.2345	1.217–1.235	2.9	Exact values not specified	Exact values not specified
		1.5625–1.875	1.567–1.597	5.5
Ref. [18]		1.103–1.297	1.195–1.280	5.0	~90°	Exact values not specified
		1.444–1.636	1.568–1.577	2.0	~60°
Ref. [19]		1.222–1.232	1.225–1.229	5.36	86°	71.1
		1.563–1.587	1.572–1.578	6.20	52°	79.2
Ref. [20]		1.190–1.235	1.220–1.231	1.5	~100°	80.7
		1.565–1.585	1.572–1.581	3.0	~100°	86.5
Ref. [21]		1.188–1.265	1.217–1.240	6.3	140°	90.0
		1.453–1.800	1.525–1.630	7.5	152°	97.4
Ref. [22]		1.200–1.250	Exact values not specified	3.0	~50°	63.5
		1.545–1.600		2.5	~50°	67.8
Ref. [23]		1.202–1.706	1.205–1.240	5.28	94°	91.3
			1.530–1.625	5.35	108°	93.9