An Electrically Actuated Liquid-Metal Gain-Reconfigurable Antenna

Figure 1

Copper-baseline gain-reconfigurable antenna states: (a) 0 mm offset state: the midpoint of the copper stub coincides with the center of the 50 Ω copper microstrip feed line; (b)–(d) -mm-offset state: the midpoint of the copper stub is mm from the center of the microstrip feed line. Note that the copper stub is 15 × 1.5 × 0.1 mm³.

(a) 0 mm offset state

(b) 2 mm offset state

(c) 5 mm offset state

(d) 7 mm offset state