A Miniaturized Planar Monopole Antenna Based on a Coupling Structure for Compact Mobile Internet of Things (IoT) and Electric Vehicles (EVs) Device Applications in 5G, LTE, WLAN, WiMAX, Sirius/XM Radio, V2X, and DSRC Wireless Systems

Table 2

Antenna size comparison with other literature studies.

References	Publication year	Overall sizes (mm^2)	System ground size comparison (L mm × W mm)	Antenna size comparison (L mm × W mm)	Operation frequency range (GHz)	Bandwidth (%)	Applications
[55]	2020	118 × 42	100 × 42	39 × 17	0.85–1.1; 1.75–2; 2.19–2.75	25.6% (250 MHz); 13.3% (250 MHz); 22.6% (560 MHz)	GSM900/Wi-Fi2400/RFID2450/LTE
[56]	2020	54 × 37	5 × 54	54 × 32	1.6–2.2	31.5% (600 MHz)	A novel printed monopole antenna
[57]	2019	27 × 12	6 × 4.4	2.28 × 27	2.38–2.48	4.1% (100 MHz)	SFCW radar-based
[58]	2019	12.6 × 7.5	8.6 × 7.5	75 × 4	2.4–2.5	4% (100 MHz)	Bluetooth system
[59]	2021	21 × 8	160 × 200	21 × 8	2.25–2.64; 3.25–3.63; 5–6.41	5.8% (390 MHz); 13.3% (380 MHz); 6.6% (1410 MHz)	LTE/WIFI/sub-6 GHz/5G bands
Proposed	—	40 × 10	33.5 × 10	10 × 9.5	2.15–5.28	84.2% (3130 MHz)	Bluetooth (2.4 GHz)/5G NR/WiMax (2.5/3.5 GHz)/4G LTE