Research Article

The Impact of Race in Male Breast Cancer Treatment and Outcome in the United States: A Population-Based Analysis of 4,279 Patients

Table 1

Demographic and clinicopathologic characteristics by race.

TotalWhiteBlackHispanicAsianChi-square value

Overall4,2793,266552246215
Age < 0.001
 Median (range)65 (23–99)
65 years2,032 (47.5%)1,431 (43.8%)338 (61.2%)147 (59.8%)116 (54.0%)
65 years2,247 (52.5%)1,835 (56.2%)214 (38.8%)99 (40.2%)99 (46.0%)
Year of diagnosis = 0.012
 1988–1993457 (10.7%)366 (11.2%)48 (8.7%)17 (6.9%)26 (12.1%)
 1994–1999665 (15.5%)518 (15.9%)81 (14.7%)33 (13.4%)33 (15.3%)
 2000–20051,572 (36.7%)1,212 (37.1%)213 (38.6%)86 (35.0%)61 (28.4%)
 2006–20101,585 (37.0%)1,170 (35.8%)210 (38.0%)110 (44.7%)95 (44.2%)
Marital status < 0.001
 Single526 (12.3%)339 (10.4%)128 (23.2%)42 (17.1%)17 (7.9%)
 Married2,919 (68.2%)2,293 (70.2%)288 (52.2%)165 (67.1%)173 (80.5%)
 Separated35 (0.8%)18 (0.6%)12 (2.2%)4 (1.6%)1 (0.5%)
 Divorced289 (6.8%)213 (6.5%)55 (10.0%)15 (6.1%)6 (2.8%)
 Widowed321 (7.5%)259 (7.9%)39 (7.1%)11 (4.5%)12 (5.6%)
 Unknown189 (4.4%)144 (4.4%)30 (5.4%)9 (3.7%)6 (2.8%)
Histology = 0.003
 In situ439 (10.3%)326 (10.0%)58 (10.5%)35 (14.2%)20 (9.3%)
 Ductal3,552 (83.0%)2,736 (83.8%)442 (80.1%)194 (78.9%)180 (83.7%)
 Papillary61 (1.4%)45 (1.4%)11 (2.0%)3 (1.2%)2 (0.9%)
 Mucinous73 (1.7%)42 (1.3%)22 (4.0%)5 (2.0%)4 (1.9%)
 Medullary9 (0.2%)6 (0.2%)0 (0.0%)1 (0.4%)2 (0.9%)
 Lobular145 (3.4%)111 (3.4%)19 (3.4%)8 (3.3%)7 (3.3%)
ER/PR status < 0.001
 ER−/PR−187 (4.4%)130 (4.0%)29 (5.3%)14 (5.7%)14 (6.5%)
 ER+/PR−383 (9.0%)280 (8.6%)70 (12.7%)22 (8.9%)11 (5.1%)
 ER+/PR+2,709 (63.3%)2,116 (64.8%)309 (56.0%)140 (56.9%)144 (67.0%)
 Unknown1,000 (23.4%)740 (22.7%)144 (26.1%)70 (28.5%)46 (21.4%)
Treatment < 0.001
 None166 (3.9%)101 (3.1%)37 (6.7%)13 (5.3%)15 (7.0%)
 Primary RT59 (1.4%)43 (1.3%)12 (2.2%)4 (1.6%)0 (0.0%)
 Partial mast.511 (11.9%)372 (11.4%)68 (12.3%)41 (16.7%)30 (14.0%)
 Nipple-sparing mast.22 (0.5%)16 (0.5%)5 (0.9%)1 (0.4%)0 (0.0%)
 Simple mast.1,027 (24.0%)809 (24.8%)116 (21.0%)51 (20.7%)51 (23.7%)
 Modified rad. mast.2,424 (56.6%)1,869 (57.2%)304 (55.1%)135 (54.9%)116 (54.0%)
 Rad. mast.41 (1.0%)31 (0.9%)9 (1.6%)1 (0.4%)0 (0.0%)
 Surgery, NOS29 (0.7%)25 (0.8%)1 (0.2%)0 (0.0%)3 (1.4%)
LNDX = 0.006
 No696 (16.3%)500 (15.3%)116 (21.0%)46 (18.7%)34 (15.8%)
 Yes3,583 (83.7%)2,766 (84.7%)436 (79.0%)200 (81.3%)181 (84.2%)
Adjuvant RT = 0.588
 No3,288 (76.8%)2,503 (76.6%)419 (75.9%)197 (80.1%)169 (78.6%)
 Yes932 (21.8%)720 (22.0%)121 (21.9%)45 (18.3%)46 (21.4%)
Nodal metastases = 0.659
 No2,738 (64.0%)2,093 (64.1%)343 (62.1%)164 (66.7%)138 (64.2%)
 Yes1,541 (36.0%)1,173 (35.9%)209 (37.9%)82 (33.3%)77 (35.8%)
Stage = 0.001
 0439 (10.3%)326 (10.0%)58 (10.5%)35 (14.2%)20 (9.3%)
 I1,314 (30.7%)1,023 (31.3%)142 (25.7%)75 (30.5%)74 (34.4%)
 II1,628 (38.0%)1,263 (38.7%)199 (36.1%)84 (34.1%)82 (38.1%)
 III668 (15.6%)496 (15.2%)103 (18.7%)39 (15.9%)30 (14.0%)
 IV230 (5.4%)158 (4.8%)50 (9.1%)13 (5.3%)9 (4.2%)
Grade = 0.414
 1466 (10.9%)350 (10.7%)59 (10.7%)32 (13.0%)25 (11.6%)
 21,859 (43.4%)1,448 (44.3%)232 (42.0%)85 (34.6%)94 (43.7%)
 31,374 (32.1%)1,042 (31.9%)176 (31.9%)83 (33.7%)73 (34.0%)
 Unknown580 (13.6%)426 (13.0%)85 (15.4%)46 (18.7%)23 (10.7%)

Mast = mastectomy; RT = radiotherapy; LNDX = lymph node dissection; ER = estrogen receptor; PR = progesterone receptor.