Domestication, Conservation, and Livelihoods: A Case Study of Piper peepuloides Roxb.—An Important Nontimber Forest Product in South Meghalaya, Northeast India

Figure 4

Wild pepper market pathway from the grower to the consumer depicting price appreciation at various stages of movement of the product in Meghalaya. For each hectare area of wild pepper, the grower earns a profit of Rs. 1,70,850 and sells to the local trader for Rs. 1,75,000 who in turn sells it to the dealer who earns a profit of Rs. 69,700 and sell it to the retailer who earns a profit of Rs. 55,900, and the consumer finally have to pay Rs. 3,36,000.