Incidence of Brain Abnormalities Detected on Preoperative Brain MR Imaging and Their Effect on the Outcome of Cochlear Implantation in Children with Sensorineural Hearing Loss

Table 1

Follow-up of 23 SNHL patients with brain abnormalities after cochlear implantation.

Abnormal brain MRI findings	Concurrent abnormalities	Y/S	U/B	CI	IT-MAIS		FU (Mon)	Focal/diffuse
					Before	After
White matter changes
Bilateral frontal and temporal subcortical area; Bilateral periventricular area; Ventriculomegaly	—	1/M	B	Yes	0	10	15	Diffuse
Multiple WMC lesions	—	1/M	U	No	—	—	12	—
Right posterior horn of lateral ventricle	—	4/M	B	Yes	3	31	14	Focal
Bilateral posterior horn of lateral ventricle	Malformed semicircular canal	2/F	B	Yes	1	34	16	Focal
Bilateral periventricular area; Bilateral centrum semiovale	—	1/M	U	No	—	—	9	—
Bilateral frontal and parietal subcortical area	—	1/M	B	Yes	1	29	27	Focal
Bilateral posterior horn of lateral ventricle	Bilateral mastoiditis	1/M	B	Yes	2	27	18	Focal
Multiple WMC lesions	—	1/F	B	Yes	1	23	12	Diffuse
Multiple WMC lesions; Arachnoid cyst (left temporal area)	—	15/F	B	Yes	2	16	20	Diffuse
Multiple WMC lesions	Bilateral mastoiditis	1/M	B	Yes	2	24	8	Diffuse
Bilateral periventricular area	—	1/M	B	Yes	2	25	7	Focal
Bilateral frontal subcortical area; Bilateral posterior horn of lateral ventricle; Arachnoid cyst (left temporal area)	Bilateral mastoiditis	5/M	B	Yes	1	24	11	Diffuse
Bilateral periventricular area	—	3/M	U	No	—	—	18	—
Right posterior horn of lateral ventricle	—	4/F	B	Yes	2	27	18	Focal
Bilateral posterior horn of lateral ventricle; Bilateral centrum semiovale	Cochlear hypoplasia; Absence of cochlear nerve	3/F	B	No	—	—	11	—
Bilateral periventricular area	—	1/M	B	L	—	—	—	—
Structural abnormalities
Cisterna magna enlargement	—	2/M	B	Yes	1	28	15	—
Arachnoid cyst (left temporal area)	—	1/M	B	Yes	1	24	12	—
Arachnoid cyst (left temporal area)	—	3/F	B	Yes	2	29	9	—
Intraparenchymal cystic lesions
Intraparenchymal cystic lesions; (left lateral ventricular trigone)	—	1/M	B	Yes	2	22	7	—
Intraparenchymal cystic lesions; (right occipital area)	—	3/F	B	Yes	3	25	22	—
Intraparenchymal cystic lesions; (right centrum semiovale)	—	3/M	B	Yes	2	26	13	—
Others
Abnormal enlargement of subarachnoid space; (bilateral frontal and temporal area)	Enlarged vestibular aqueduct	1/F	B	Yes	0	17	16	—

Y, year old; S, sex; U, unilateral SNHL; B, bilateral SNHL; CI, cochlear implantation; FU, follow-up.
L means the patient was lost during the follow-up.