Functionalized Glutathione on Chitosan-Genipin Cross-Linked Beads Used for the Removal of Trace Metals from Water

Table 1

Thermodynamic parameters for the adsorption of Fe(II) and Cu(II) ions on CS-GG beads at different temperatures.

		Fe(II)	Cu(II)
ΔH° kJ ⋅ mol^−1		8.88	5.49
ΔG° kJ ⋅ mol^−1	−293 K	−16.39	−17.24
	−303 K	−17.32	−18.19
	−313 K	−18.08	−18.79
ΔS° J ⋅ mol^−1 ⋅ K^−1		0.087	0.078
R^2		0.993	0.984

Experimental condition: volume of 50 mL; pH = 5 for Fe(II) and 6 for Cu(II); [Fe(II), Cu(II)] = 100 mgL⁻¹; adsorbent net mass = 0.030 g; temperature = 293, 303, and 313°K; contact time = 2 h; shaking rate = 150 rpm.