WIPI-1 Positive Autophagosome-Like Vesicles Entrap Pathogenic Staphylococcus aureus for Lysosomal Degradation

Figure 2

GFP-WIPI-1 images upon infection of U2OS cells with S. aureus HG001. GFP-WIPI-1 U2OS cells were infected with S. aureus HG001 in DMEM/FCS for 2 h and images were automatically acquired. GFP-WIPI-1 fluorescence of the cells (indicated with the black-dashed line) is shown, and cell nuclei are indicated (red-dashed line) according to DAPI staining (not shown). Highlighted are the different GFP-WIPI-1 structures observed: large perinuclear GFP-WIPI-1 positive membranes (a) and cytoplasmic GFP-WIPI-1 puncta (b), reflecting canonical autophagosomal membranes. In addition, GFP-WIPI-1 positive autophagosomal-like vesicles appeared specifically upon infection (c). Scale bars: 20 μm. Supplementary information is provided (Supplementary Figure  1).