Oncogenic Alternative Splicing Switches: Role in Cancer Progression and Prospects for Therapy

Table 2

Examples of ASO treatments in cancer cell lines.

Gene	Function	Reference
SRA1, Steroid Receptor RNA Activator gene	Retention of intron 1 alters the reading frame and occurs in breast tumors with high progesterone receptor contents	[144]
Mcl-1, myeloid cell leukemia-1	Antiapoptotic protein of the Bcl-2 family overexpressed in many tumors	[145]
erbB-2, Her-2 receptor	Skipping of exon 19 produces a dominant-negative protein isoform	[146]
IG20, death-domain adaptor protein; Insulinoma-Glucagonoma 20	Antiapoptotic alternative splicing isoform expressed in gliomas	[147]
CASP9, caspase9	Two isoforms generated by alternative splicing: a proapoptotic and a prosurvival variant	[148]
PKM, pyruvate kinase M	The PKM2 isoform is crucial for aerobic glycolysis (the Warburg effect) and tumor growth	[149, 150]
hTERT, telomerase	Alternative splicing generates many nonfunctional products. ASOs treatment increases nonfunctional telomerase products in cancer cells	[151]