Schematic diagram of apoptotic cascade and the sites of action of general and specific caspases. The figure also illustrates how ROS produced during viral infection can affect apoptotic cascades. Abbreviations used in figure: FAS/TNF-α: tumor necrosis factor alpha (death receptors); FADD: Fas associated death domain; TRADD: tumor necrosis factor receptor associated death domain; Cas: caspase; AIF: apoptosis-inducing factor; PARP: poly (ADP) ribose polymerase; EndoG: endonuclease G; DFF-40: DNA fragmentation factor 40 KDa; tBID: truncated BID; DISC: death-inducing signaling complex.
