Prevalence of Diabetes Mellitus and Its Risk Factors among Permanently Settled Tribal Individuals in Tribal and Urban Areas in Northern State of Sub-Himalayan Region of India

Table 7

Prevalence of DM among tribes exposed to overweight, hypertension, physical activity, diet, and substance abuse in tribal and urban areas of Himachal Pradesh, 2011-2012.

Characteristics	Tribal	Urban	DM (FG)				DM (OGTT)
			Tribal tribes	Urban tribes	𝑃 value	Both	Tribal tribes	Urban tribes	𝑃 value	Both
Central obesity	1733	2361	4.1	8.6	0.00	6.7	4.0	9.2	0.00	7.0
BMI (Asian)
<18.5	322	311	9.3	4.2	0.01	6.8	10.2	4.5	0.00	7.4
18.5–22.9	3148	2504	3.5	6.6	0.00	4.9	3.7	7.6	0.00	5.5
23.0–27.5	518	1172	2.7	11.0	0.00	8.5	2.1	11.3	0.00	8.5
>27.5	12	13	16.7	23.1	0.92*	20.0	16.7	23.1	0.92*	20.0
Hypertension
Normal	401	548	2.7	3.8	0.35	3.4	2.7	5.8	0.02	4.5
Prehypertension	3153	2327	2.8	7.6	0.00	4.8	2.9	8.3	0.00	5.2
Stage 1	410	913	13.2	8.3	0.00	9.8	8.7	14.1	0.00	10.4
Stage 2	36	212	13.9	17.0	0.64	16.5	13.9	17.5	0.59	16.9
Physical activity
Heavy	922	293	1.8	6.1	0.00	2.9	2.1	6.5	0.00	3.1
Moderate	2512	2392	2.9	4.8	0.00	3.9	3.0	5.7	0.00	4.3
Mild	344	774	3.8	8.4	0.00	7.0	3.8	8.7	0.00	7.2
Sedentary	214	362	25.2	30.4	0.18	28.5	26.2	32.6	0.10	30.2
Nonvegetarian	3764	3745	3.9	8.0	0.00	5.9	4.0	8.7	0.00	6.4
Smoking	1405	1017	3.8	10.9	0.00	6.8	3.8	11.5	0.00	7.1
Alcohol	1321	1383	3.3	7.2	0.00	5.3	3.2	11.9	0.00	7.6

∗Yates Corrected Chi-square test.