Life Cycle Costs and Life Cycle Assessment for the Harvesting, Conversion, and the Use of Switchgrass to Produce Electricity

Table 8

Biomass fast pyrolysis annual operating cost components based on the reference plant size [36].

Fast pyrolysis operation cost	Cost	Explanation
Water treatment	1	Linear scaling
Electricity	0.21	Linear scaling
Labor	1.34	0.6 power law scaling
Overhead	0.8	60% labor
Maintenance	0.57	2% equip
Insurance/taxes	0.72	1.5% TCI
Charcoal (credit)	1.92	50/ton