Carbon-Based Catalyst from Pyrolysis of Waste Tire for Catalytic Ethanol Dehydration to Ethylene and Diethyl Ether

Table 4

Comparison of catalysts for ethylene dehydration and their catalytic ability.

Catalyst			Reaction temperature (°C)	Ethanol conversion (%)	Ethylene selectivity (%)	Ref.
HBZ			200–400	7–100	1–100	[17]
Al-HBZ			200–400	9–92	0–98	[17]
M-Al			200–400	12–92	0–96	[17]
H-ZSM-5			400	99	10	[32]
20HP-ZSM-5			250–450	25–100	3–98	[32]
γ-Al2O3			400–550	70–100	40–95	[11]
TiO2/γ-Al2O3			360–550	70–100	50–99	[11]
SAPO-34			500	100	100	[33]
Carbon based	Activator	Modifier
Bacterial cellulose			200–400	41–65	0–65	[34]
Olive stone	Steam	(NH4)2S2O8	180	1–22	16–26	[35]
Polish brown coal	HCl, HF	HNO3	150–450	n.a.	0–50	[24]
		CH3COOOH	150–450	n.a.	0–15	[25]
		H2SO4	150–450	n.a.	0–14	[25]
		Air	150–450	n.a.	0–18	[25]
		Cl2	150–450	n.a.	0–5	[25]
Waste tire	HCl	H2SO4	200–400	14–36	65–69	This work
	HNO3	H2SO4	200–400	22–29	69–75	This work

Based on the ethanol conversion to ethylene only and the values are approximate.