Removal of Ammonium from Aqueous Solutions Using Zeolite Synthesized from Electrolytic Manganese Residue

Table 1

Kinetic parameters for ammonia removal using various kinetic models.

Ammonium concentration (mg·L^−1)	qe (exp) (mg·g^−1)	Pseudo-first-order model			Pseudo-second-order model			Elovich equation model			Intra-particle diffusion model
		qe (mg·g^−1)	k1 (min^−1)	α (mg·g^−1·min^−1)	qe (mg·g^−1)	k2 (g·mg^−1·min^−1)	R^2	α (mg·g^−1·min^−1)	β (g·mg^−1)	R^2	kid (mg·min^−1/2·g^−1)	R^2
50	12.09	4.43	0.02594	0.1728	13.41	0.004335	0.9925	0.1728	0.3747	0.8327	0.5983	0.6740
100	16.70	7.32	0.03551	0.08929	17.79	0.005451	0.9982	0.08929	0.3595	0.8420	0.6239	0.6826
150	21.02	12.85	0.03274	0.04958	23.43	0.002274	0.9962	0.04958	0.2269	0.8496	1.0277	0.8331
200	24.28	16.75	0.03211	0.05952	27.17	0.001841	0.9949	0.05952	0.2005	0.9438	1.1810	0.8719

q_e (exp) and q_e are the experimental and calculated values of q_e, respectively.