Dietary Inflammatory Potential in relation to General and Abdominal Obesity
Table 2
Dietary intakes of study participants across tertiles of DIP scorea.
Variables
Tertiles of DIP score
valueb
T1
T2
T3
Energy (kcal/d)
2296 ± 17.31
2233.77 ± 17.31
2585.22 ± 17.32
<0.001
Carbohydrate (g/d)
289.12 ± 1.02
284.77 ± 1.03
296.09 ± 1.03
<0.001
Fat (g/d)
99.35 ± 0.38
101.05 ± 0.38
97.20 ± 0.38
<0.001
Protein (g/d)
92.44 ± 0.30
89.59 ± 0.30
83.25 ± 0.30
<0.001
Fiber (g/d)
26.46 ± 0.10
22.61 ± 0.10
18.48 ± 0.10
<0.001
Cholesterol (mg/d)
271.67 ± 2.00
265.28 ± 2.01
232.33 ± 2.02
<0.001
MUFA (g/d)
39.11 ± 0.17
39.69 ± 0.17
37.98 ± 0.18
<0.001
PUFA (g/d)
29.58 ± 0.13
29.72 ± 0.14
27.69 ± 0.14
<0.001
Saturated fat (g/d)
22.61 ± 0.12
23.63 ± 0.12
23.90 ± 0.12
<0.001
Trans fat (g/d)
0.20 ± 0.003
0.22 ± 0.003
0.23 ± 0.003
<0.001
Vitamin B12 (μg/d)
3.11 ± 0.02
3.09 ± 0.02
2.77 ± 0.02
<0.001
Vitamin B6 (mg/d)
2.27 ± 0.007
2.02 ± 0.007
1.69 ± 0.007
<0.001
Folic acid (μg/d)
589.80 ± 2.51
553.53 ± 2.52
546 ± 2.54
<0.001
Niacin (mg/d)
24.70 ± 0.08
24.65 ± 0.08
25.01 ± 0.08
0.008
Riboflavin (mg/d)
1.95 ± 0.009
1.85 ± 0.009
1.74 ± 0.009
<0.001
Thiamin (mg/d)
1.74 ± 0.01
1.76 ± 0.01
1.88 ± 0.01
<0.001
Vitamin A (RE)
670.53 ± 3.77
511.39 ± 3.78
391.49 ± 3.80
<0.001
Vitamin C (mg/d)
137.99 ± 0.95
98.99 ± 0.95
70.36 ± 0.95
<0.001
Vitamin D (μg/d)
0.99 ± 0.01
1.00 ± 0.01
0.91 ± 0.01
<0.001
Vitamin E (mg/d)
23.22 ± 0.11
22.03 ± 0.11
19.36 ± 0.12
<0.001
β-Carotene (μg/d)
5216.96 ± 33.61
3384.89 ± 33.71
2237.65 ± 33.95
<0.001
Caffeine (g/d)
101.92 ± 1.93
92.08 ± 1.93
105.59 ± 1.95
<0.001
Pepper (g/d)
5.96 ± 0.08
5.31 ± 0.08
3.85 ± 0.08
<0.001
Onion (g/d)
55.27 ± 0.57
41.52 ± 0.57
28.28 ± 0.57
<0.001
Tea (g/d)
446.86 ± 6.13
359.47 ± 6.15
299.52 ± 6.19
<0.001
Zn (mg/d)
11.74 ± 0.03
11.25 ± 0.03
10.25 ± 0.03
<0.001
Se (μg/d)
105.98 ± 0.50
106.78 ± 0.51
105.16 ± 0.51
0.08
Mg (mg/d)
366.88 ± 0.96
329.16 ± 0.96
286.78 ± 0.97
<0.001
Fe (mg/d)
17.57 ± 0.06
17.16 ± 0.06
17.22 ± 0.06
<0.001
aData are mean ± standard error (SE); ball values were adjusted for age, sex, and energy, except for dietary energy intake, which was only adjusted for age and sex using ANCOVA.
