Analysis of Polymorphisms in the Lactotransferrin Gene Promoter and Dental Caries

Figure 3

Promoter region (+39 to −1143 bp) of the human LTF gene and transcription boxes: (a) 𝐌𝐲𝐛^𝟏,𝐒𝐏𝟏^𝟐,𝐂/𝐄𝐁𝐏^𝟑,𝐄𝐓𝐬^𝟒, and 𝐒𝐏𝟏^𝟓 (region –35 to –85) are involved in LTF expression during myeloid differentiation [82]. (b) 𝐄𝐑𝐄^𝟔,𝐂𝐎𝐔𝐏^𝟕, and 𝐆𝐀𝐓𝐀-𝟏^𝟖 (region –340 to –372), a highly conserved estrogen response element (ERE) overlapping with a chicken ovalbumin upstream promoter (COUP) element [83]. (c) 𝐒𝐅𝐑𝐄^𝟗  and 𝐂𝐎𝐔𝐏^𝟏𝟎 (region – 377 to –394), an extended estrogen response element half site in addition to the ERE, which renders the human LTF gene extremely responsive to estrogen stimulation [83]. (d) 𝐓𝐀𝐀𝐂𝐂^𝟏𝟏, a highly conserved silencing factor (–774 to –778) that binds the CCAAT displacement protein (CDP/cut) [84].