Nanomodified Peek Dental Implants: Bioactive Composites and Surface Modification—A Review

Table 2

Various surface modifications for PEEK and some reported properties.

Modification	Surface roughness/pore size	Contact angle (°)	Animal studies	References
Spin-coating
nHAp	= 0.686 ± 0.14 µm–0.93 ± 0.25 µm	53 ± 4.4	Yes	[42–44]
Gas plasma etching
O2/Ar	RMS = 9–19 nm	5–40	No	[46]
NH3	RMS = 3–7 nm	45–90	No	[46]
O2	= 75.33 ± 10.66 nm	52	Yes	[47]
E-beam TiO2
Conventional	n.d.	54	No	[54]
Anodized	Pore size: 70 nm	≈0	Yes	[55]
PIII
TiO2	Pore size: 150–200 nm	n.d	No	[45]
Diamond-like carbon	RMS = 5.42 nm	≈55	No	[61]