Facial Mobility after Maxilla-Mandibular Advancement in Patients with Severe Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome: A Three-Dimensional Study

Table 3

Landmarks displacement (in millimeters) in the right and left side of the face at T1 and T2.

Movements	Landmarks	Side	Mean and Std Dev	Mean and Std Dev		value
			T1	T2
Frowning	sci	Right			2.08
	sci	Left			2.19
Knitting brows	sci	Right			−1.59
	sci	Left			−1.56
Grimace	ac	Right			0.39
	ac	Left			0.91
Smiling	ch	Right			−4.47
	ch	Left			−4.30
Lip purse	ch	Right			0.11
	ch	Left			−1.34

Mean and Std Dev (standard deviation) are calculated at T1 and T2. Medium distance () between homologous points is considered between T1 and T2 in absolute term. value is calculated according to Student’s -distribution and it considers the critical value in one-tail case. Statistically significant differences were considered for (bold). The landmarks used were superciliare (sci) for frowning and knitting brows, alar curvature point (ac) for grimace, and cheilion (ch) for smile and lip purse.