Research Article

Demineralized Freeze-Dried Bovine Cortical Bone: Its Potential for Guided Bone Regeneration Membrane

Table 1

Grading scale for tissue response analysis of the membrane [7].

Reaction zoneResponseScore

Capsule quantitativelyThickness rating:
(i) l–4 fibroblasts4
(ii) 5–9 fibroblasts3
(iii) 10–30 fibroblasts2
(iv) >30 fibroblasts1
(v) Not applicable0

Capsule qualitatively(i) Capsule tissue is fibrous, mature, not dense, resembling connective or fat tissue in the noninjured regions4
(ii) Capsule tissue is fibrous but immature, showing fibroblasts and little collagen3
(iii) Capsule tissue is granulous and dense, containing both fibroblasts and many inflammatory cells2
(iv) Capsule consists of masses of inflammatory cells with little or no signs of connective tissue organization1
(v) Cannot be evaluated because of infection or other factors not necessarily related to the material0

Interface qualitatively(i) Fibroblasts contact the implant surface without the presence of macrophages or foreign body giant cells4
(ii) Scattered foci of macrophages and foreign body cells are present3
(iii) One layer of macrophages and foreign body cells is present2
(iv) Multiple layers of macrophages and foreign body cells are present1
(v) Cannot be evaluated because of infection or other factors not necessarily related to the material0