Evaluation of Caries-Free Restorations Bonded with Various Adhesive Systems: In Vitro Study

Table 1

The composition and bonding technique of adhesive materials.

Adhesive system	Composition	Bonding technique
Self-etch	Monomers: MMA, 4-META, UDMA, 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate, acetone, water	Scrubbed with monomer-soaked sponge on tooth surface for 20 s, air-dried 5 s, once more scrubbed, air-dried 10 s, light-cured 10 s
AQ-Bond (Touch & Bond)	Sponge: polyurethane foam, p-TSNa	Bulk filled with resin-composite, light-cured 60 s
Self-etch	Primer: 10-MDP, 12 MDPB, HEMA, hydrophilic dimethacrylates, water	Applied primer for 20 s, air-dried 5 s, applied monomers, air-dried 5 s, light-cured 10 s
Clearfil Protect Bond (Clearfil SE Protect)	Monomers: MDP, Bis-GMA, HEMA, hydrophobic dimethacrylate, N, N-diethanol-p-toluidine, silanated colloidal silica, surface-treated sodium fluoride	Bulk filled with resin-composite, light-cured 60 s
Moist bonding	Etchant: 32% H3PO4, water	Applied etchant for 15 s, rinsed off 15 s, air-dried 2 s, kept moist
All-Bond 2	Primer: 2% NTG-GMA, 16% BPDM, acetone	Mixed primer 1 : 1 drop for 3 s, 5 coatings on tooth surface, air-dried 5 s, light-cured 20 s
	Bonding: bis-GMA, UDMA, HEMA	Applied bonding agent and bulk filled with resin-composite, light-cured 60 s
Dry bonding	Etchant: 10% citric acid, 3% FeCl2 (10–3), water	Applied etchant for 10 s, rinsed off 10 s, air-dried 10 s
Super-Bond D-Liner II PLUS (Amalgam Bond Plus)	Monomers: 2, 2-bis[4-(methacryloxy polyethoxy) phenyl]propane, HEMA, 4-META, MMA, TBB	Mixed 2 drops of monomer:1 drop TBB, applied on tooth surface using brush dip technique, autocured
	Powder: PMMA	Bulk filled with amalgam

Abbreviations: MMA = methyl methacrylate; 4-META = 4-methacryloyloxyethyl trimellitate anhydride; UDMA = urethane-dimethacrylate; p-TSNa = amine-p-toluenesulfonic acid sodium salt; 10-MDP = 10-methacryloyloxydecyl dihydrogen phosphate; 12 MDPB = 12 methacryloyloxydecyl pyridinium bromide; HEMA = 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate; bis-GMA = bisphenol A-glycidyl methacrylate; NTG-GMA = N-tolylglycine-glycidyl methacrylate; BPDM = biphenyl dimethacrylate; TBB = tri-n-butyl borane; PMMA = poly(methyl methacrylate).