| Variables | Unadjusted OR (95% CI) | value | Adjusted OR (95% CI) | value |
| Academic grades | More than 80% | 1.78 (0.87, 3.64) | 0.114 | 1.86 (0.58, 5.96) | 0.298 | Less than 80% | Family income | ≥SR 10000 (equal to US$ 3733) | 1.11 (0.6, 2.06) | 0.739 | 2.2 (0.87, 5.54) | 0.093 | <SR 10000 (equal to US$ 3733) | Father’s education | ≥College/University education | 1.45 (0.69, 3.02) | 0.320 | 0.65 (0.18, 2.31) | 0.509 | < School education | Mother’s education | ≥College/University education | 2.1 (1.01, 4.33) | 0.044 | 2.63 (0.75, 9.21) | 0.129 | < School education | Initiation of smoking | ≤2 years | 2.54 (1.4, 4.6) | 0.002 | 3.69 (1.46, 9.31) | 0.006 | >2 years | Family history of smoking | 1.17 (0.59, 2.3) | 0.650 | 0.61 (0.21, 1.73) | 0.350 | Routine dental check-up | 0.95 (0.47, 1.9) | 0.881 | 1.87 (0.63, 5.51) | 0.256 | Bleeding of gums in the past month | 1.03 (0.56, 1.91) | 0.919 | 0.64 (0.24, 1.68) | 0.362 | Dental cavities | 1.17 (0.66, 2.09) | 0.579 | 0.76 (0.3, 1.89) | 0.559 | Dental pain in the past month | 2.61 (1.45, 4.69) | 0.001 | 3.29 (1.31, 8.25) | 0.011 | Tooth sensitivity in the past month | 2.27 (1.25, 4.14) | 0.007 | 4.16 (1.48, 11.70) | 0.007 | Dryness of the mouth | 1.38 (0.75, 2.55) | 0.295 | 0.87 (0.34, 2.26) | 0.779 | Malodor | 2.11 (1.14, 3.93) | 0.017 | 1.24 (0.47, 3.27) | 0.669 | Satisfaction with appearance | 0.68 (0.38, 1.22) | 0.196 | 0.63 (0.27, 1.49) | 0.293 |
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