Whitening Efficacy of 3% Carbamide Peroxide Gel Activated by Lactoperoxidase

Table 4

L, a, b, and ΔE values for each tooth of the treatment group (n = 19) and the control group (n = 19).

		Treatment	Control
Data in mean ± standard deviation
11	ΔL	−0.88 ± 4.94	−1.47 ± 4.43	0.74
	Δa	−0.26 ± 0.89	−0.03 ± 0.38	0.23
	Δb	−1.02 ± 3.20	0.69 ± 2.80	0.09
	ΔE	4.59 ± 3.91	4.61 ± 2.81	0.98
12	ΔL	−0.89 ± 6.15	−1.84 ± 4.17	0.62
	Δa	0.01 ± 0.88	−0.02 ± 0.54	0.90
	Δb	0.45 ± 5.12	−0.12 ± 1.97	0.67
	ΔE	6.46 ± 4.67	4.27 ± 2.42	0.04
13	ΔL	0.09 ± 5.31	−2.67 ± 3.61	0.11
	Δa^a	−0.1[−0.4; 0.1]	0.1[−0.2; 0.3]	0.37
	Δb	0.38 ± 4.00	−0.74 ± 2.46	0.35
	ΔE	5.24 ± 4.04	4.59 ± 2.27	0.58
21	ΔL	−0.89 ± 7.29	−1.39 ± 3.36	0.82
	Δa	0.10 ± 1.04	0.18 ± 0.47	0.71
	Δb	−0.38 ± 3.22	1.12 ± 3.27	0.18
	ΔE^a	5.1[2.9; 8.4]	4.8[2.8; 5.5]	0.24
22	ΔL	0.53 ± 5.04	−1.26 ± 3.27	0.28
	Δa	0.12 ± 4.47	0.15 ± 0.57	0.86
	Δb	0.48 ± 3.63	0.74 ± 2.61	0.80
	ΔE	5.06 ± 3.52	3.65 ± 2.45	0.22
23	ΔL	−0.60 ± 6.25	−1.71 ± 2.77	0.50
	Δa	0.11 ± 0.63	−0.01 ± 0.56	0.58
	Δb	0.18 ± 2.56	−0.47 ± 1.61	0.30
	ΔE	5.44 ± 3.90	3.24 ± 1.67	0.06
31	ΔL	0.50 ± 4.58	−2.55 ± 4.45	0.10
	Δa	−0.44 ± 0.82	−0.26 ± 0.52	0.45
	Δb	−0.29 ± 3.62	−0.97 ± 2.16	0.53
	ΔE	5.10 ± 2.81	4.71 ± 3.05	0.65
32	ΔL	1.29 ± 5.27	−1.41 ± 3.95	0.13
	Δa	−0.21 ± 0.97	−0.26 ± 0.85	0.88
	Δb	0.57 ± 3.72	−0.52 ± 1.60	0.27
	ΔE	5.71 ± 3.21	4.01 ± 2.10	0.11
33	ΔL	0.91 ± 6.30	−0.52 ± 3.89	0.46
	Δa	0.22 ± 0.76	0.10 ± 0.52	0.63
	Δb	0.98 ± 5.04	−0.30 ± 2.00	0.35
	ΔE	6.38 ± 4.97	3.78 ± 2.18	0.06
41	ΔL	1.25 ± 4.59	−2.08 ± 4.81	0.07
	Δa	−0.29 ± 0.83	0.01 ± 0.55	0.24
	Δb	−0.05 ± 2.60	0.07 ± 1.91	0.89
	ΔE	4.79 ± 2.47	4.65 ± 2.96	0.89
42	ΔL	0.61 ± 4.67	−1.01 ± 5.29	0.41
	Δa	−0.45 ± 0.73	−0.44 ± 0.7	0.95
	Δb	−0.95 ± 2.33	−0.50 ± 2.02	0.51
	ΔE	4.64 ± 2.59	4.83 ± 3.07	0.83
43	ΔL	0.03 ± 4.04	−1.52 ± 5.87	0.34
	Δa	−0.13 ± 0.50	−0.15 ± 0.62	0.89
	Δb^a	0.1[−1.9; 1.4]	−0.1[−1.5; 1.2]	0.71
	ΔE	4.17 ± 1.89	5.06 ± 4.07	0.38

^aData are median (first quartile-third quartile). < 0.05 (t-test): treatment group vs. controls.