Hypogonadism in the Aging Male Diagnosis, Potential Benefits, and Risks of Testosterone Replacement Therapy

Table 2

Symptoms and associated morbidities with low testosterone levels.

Symptoms and associated morbidities
Sexual function	Cognition and vitality
Loss of libido	Decline in verbal and visual memory
Erections: reduced quality and frequency, including nocturnal erections	Decline in visuospatial performance
Oligospermia or azoospermia	Depressed mood
Gynecomastia/breast discomfort	Decreased energy
Changes in secondary hair characteristics (e.g., shaving)	Decline in feelings of initiative
Changes in size of testes	Decreased sense of vitality
Decreased fertility
Muscle, bone, and body composition	Other
Progressive decrease in muscle mass	Sleep disturbance
Decreased physical function	Lipid abnormalities
Decrease in bone mineral density; osteopenia, osteoporosis, increased risk of bone fractures	Mild anemia (normochromic, normocytic)
Increase in visceral fat	Decreased response to PDE5 inhibitors