Review Article
Small-Molecule Hormones: Molecular Mechanisms of Action
Table 1
Selected representatives of the nuclear receptor superfamily.
| | Family | Receptor | Ligand |
| | I | Triiodothyronine receptor (TR) | Triiodothyronine | | | Retinoic acid receptor (RAR) | All-trans-retinoic acid | | | Vitamin D receptor (VDR) | 1α,25(OH)2D3 | | | Peroxisome-proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) | Polyunsaturated fatty acids, benzopyran, eicosanoids, 15-deoxy-12,41-prostaglandin J2, thiazolidinediones, other | | | Reverse-ErbA (Rev-ErbA) | Unknown | | | Retinoic-acid-receptor-related orphan receptor (ROR) | Unknown | | | Liver X receptor (LXR) | Oxysterols |
| | II | 9-cis-Retinoic acid receptor (RXR) | 9-cis-Retinoic acid | | Hepatocyte nuclear factor-4 (HNF-4) | Acyl-CoA thioesters |
| | III | Estrogen receptor (ER) | 17β-estradiol | | Androgen receptor (AR) | Androgens | | Progesterone receptor (PR) | Progesterone | | Glucocorticoid receptor (GR) | Glucocorticoids | | Mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) | Mineralocorticoids, glucocorticoids |
| | IV | Nerve-growth-factor-induced clone-B (NGFI-B) | Unknown |
| | V | Steroidogenic factor-1 (SF-1) | Oxysterols |
| | VI | Germ cell nuclear factor (GCNF) | Unknown |
| | 0 | Heterodimerization small partner (HSP) | Unknown |
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