Intrahepatic Lipid Content and Insulin Resistance Are More Strongly Associated with Impaired NEFA Suppression after Oral Glucose Loading Than with Fasting NEFA Levels in Healthy Older Individuals
Table 1
Anthropometric and metabolic characteristics of study participants and their associations (after standardization) with intrahepatic lipid as the outcome measure.
Variable
Mean ± SD
Range
Standardised betaa
95% C.I.
P
Weight (Kg)b
76.0 ± 13.8
48.6–111.7
2.51
1.86, 3.38
<0.001
BMI (kg m−2)b
26.6 ± 3.5
20.7–37.8
2.03
1.56, 2.64
<0.001
Waist (cm)b
96.7 ± 11.9
72.3–120.5
2.70
2.05, 3.55
<0.001
Total fat (%)b
32.8 ± 7.5
15.9–48.2
2.26
1.59, 3.22
<0.001
MRI VAT (cm2)b
127.7 ± 65.9
29.2–285.3
2.64
2.02, 3.44
<0.001
Alcohol (units/week)
6.5 ± 9.7
0–42
0.86
0.67, 1.11
0.24
ALT (iu/L)
28.0 ± 19.9
11–175
1.28
1.03, 1.60
0.029
Fasting NEFA (mmol/L)
684.6 ± 208.9
286–1332
1.01
0.77, 1.33
0.94
AUCNEFA (mmol/L min)
35435 ± 10353
19680–66180
1.35
1.06, 1.74
0.018
NEFA Suppression at 30 minutes (%)
38.6 ± 19.5
−11.2–81.9
0.75
0.59, 0.96
0.020
NEFA Suppression at 60 minutes (%)
67.8 ± 15.2
25.2–89.2
0.75
0.58, 0.96
0.023
Leptin (ng/mL)
15.3 ± 13.8
0.1–65.3
1.45
1.002, 2.09
0.049
Adiponectin (ug/mL)
7.7 ± 4.9
2.2–24.1
0.52
0.40, 0.69
<0.001
LAR (ng/ug)
3.0 ± 3.6
0.01–16.3
1.49
1.05, 2.10
0.026
Fasting glucose (mmol/L)
5.0 ± 0.5
4.1–6.4
1.49
1.19, 1.85
0.001
2-hour glucose (mmol/L)
7.3 ± 2.0
3.9–12.3
1.44
1.15, 1.80
0.002
HbA1c (%)
5.7 ± 0.3
4.9–6.4
1.11
0.88, 1.39
0.39
Fasting insulin (pmol/L)
64.7 ± 40.3
18.1–288
1.46
1.13, 1.90
0.005
HOMA-IR (%)
1.2 ± 0.7
0.4–5.0
1.50
1.16, 1.92
0.002
OGIS (mL min−1 m−2)
409.3 ± 62.7
223–548
0.56
0.43, 0.72
<0.001
Intrahepatic lipid was log transformed in all analyses, and then beta coefficients and confidence intervals were back transformed.
aBeta represents the ratio of geometric mean IHL per 1 standard deviation increase in relevant exposure. Therefore, standardized beta values > 1 represent a positive association, and values < 1 represent a negative association. All analyses are adjusted for age, gender, alcohol consumption, and MRI-derived visceral fat area (MRI VAT).
bThese analyses are not adjusted for MRI VAT. HOMA: homeostasis model assessment. LAR: leptin : adiponectin ratio. NEFA: nonesterified fatty acids. OGIS: oral glucose insulin sensitivity.
