Research Article

Relevance of a Hypersaline Sodium-Rich Naturally Sparkling Mineral Water to the Protection against Metabolic Syndrome Induction in Fructose-Fed Sprague-Dawley Rats: A Biochemical, Metabolic, and Redox Approach

Table 4

Hepatic redox state characterization, at the end of the dietary intervention.

CONTFRUCTFRUCTMINGlobal P
Mean(SEM)Mean(SEM)Mean(SEM) 

Glutathione-reductase (U GR/mg protein), 
0.0297(0.0015) 0.0320 (0.0011)0.0322(0.0022)0.507
Glutathione-S-transferase (U GST/mg protein), 
0.3754(0.0261)0.3738(0.0319)0.3764(0.0263)0.998
Reduced glutathione (nmol/mg protein), 360.5082(16.4242)332.0008(9.0570)309.9596(29.5796)0.235
Malondialdehyde (nmol/mg protein),  0.0108(0.0010)0.0100(0.0012)0.0121(0.0013)0.424
Protein carbonyls (nmol/mg protein), 0.8465(0.0732)0.9828(0.0808)0.7305(0.0866)0.113

CONT: control; FRUCT: 10% fructose in tap water; FRUCTMIN: 10% fructose in natural mineral-rich water; GR: glutathione-reductase; GST: glutathione-S-transferase; SEM: standard error of the mean.