Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Diabetic Complications

Figure 1

Life-style and genetic factors contribute to the development of oxidative stress and mild systemic inflammation resulting in decreased insulin-sensitivity which is accompanied by compensatory hyperinsulinemia and mild hyperglycemia, a prediabetic state. As β-cells fail to meet increased demand for insulin, frank diabetes develops with subnormal level of insulin and even higher glucose level. Hyperinsulinaemic condition in prediabetic state and profound dysregulation of glucose and lipid metabolism in diabetic condition further aggravate oxidative stress and inflammation. All these factors contribute to the development of diabetes associated complications.