High Levels of Perfluorooctane Sulfonate in Children at the Onset of Diabetes

Table 2

Serum chemistry biomarkers and hematologic variables in study population.

Group/biochemical data	T1DM ( 25)	Controls ( 19)	value
TSH (IU/mL)			0.375
Mean ± SD	2.39 ± 0.98	2.03 ± 0.50
Median	2.24	1.98
GM	2.22	1.98
AST (U/L)			0.005
Mean ± SD	23.2 ± 3.09	35.3 ± 23.8
Median	23.0	27.5
GM	22.9	31.0
ALT (U/L)			0.110
Mean ± SD	18.1 ± 4.90	25.0 ± 15.1
Median	18.0	24.5
GM	17.3	21.4
TC (mg/dL)			0.015
Mean ± SD	183.7 ± 27.0	170.1 ± 15.1
Median	188.0	170.5
GM	181.6	169.5
HDL-C (mg/dL)			0.622
Mean ± SD	62.7 ± 13.4	62.3 ± 8.05
Median	62.0	61.5
GM	61.1	61.9
TG (mg/dL)			0667
Mean ± SD	65.0 ± 22.1	57.0 ± 9.85
Median	60.0	56.0
GM	61.9	56.3
LDL-C (mg/dL)			0.597
Mean ± SD	101.1 ± 29.8	102.0 ± 12.1
Median	101.0	102.0
GM	96.8	101.3
Urea (mg/dL)			0.112
Mean ± SD	32.1 ± 7.34	28.3 ± 4.88
Median	34.0	28.0
GM	31.3	28.0
Creatinine (mg/dL)			0.631
Mean ± SD	0.60 ± 0.16	0.57 ± 0.11
Median	0.59	0.56
GM	0.59	0.57
WBC (migl/L)			0.453
Mean ± SD	6.59 ± 1.72	7.08 ± 1.89
Median	6.59	6.85
GM	6.39	6.87
Lymphocytes (migl/L)			0.008
Mean ± SD	2.28 ± 0.60	2.95 ± 0.85
Median	2.12	3.00
GM	2.21	2.83

ALT: alanine aminotransferase; AST: aspartate aminotransferase; GM: geometric mean; HDL: high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL: low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; SD: standard deviation; TC: total cholesterol; TG: triglycerides; T1DM: type 1 diabetes; TSH: thyroid-stimulating hormone.