Sarco-Osteoporosis: Prevalence and Association with Frailty in Chinese Community-Dwelling Older Adults
Table 3
Subject characteristics of women by musculoskeletal diseases classification.
Women
No sarcopenia and no osteoporosis
Sarcopenia and no osteoporosis
Osteoporosis and no sarcopenia
Sarco-osteoporosis
value
Age (years)
73.2 ± 2.8
77.2 ± 3.1
73.8 ± 3.7
82.5 ± 2.6
0.017
BMI (kg/m2)
25.4 ± 2.1
21.1 ± 2.6
23.6 ± 3.8
22.3 ± 3.4
0.338
AMI (kg/m2)
7.2 ± 0.7
5.2 ± 0.3
7.0 ± 0.4
5.1 ± 1.2
0.025
Body fat (%)
28.1 ± 3.7
30.7 ± 2.1
27.9 ± 3.2
32.9 ± 2.3
0.014
Grip strength (kg)
25.9 ± 2.2
13.9 ± 1.6
22.6 ± 1.3
13.1 ± 0.9
0.015
Walking speed (m/s)
1.64 ± 0.17
0.69 ± 0.12
1.46 ± 0.11
0.62 ± 0.09
0.008
BMD (g/cm2)
Lumbar spine
0.79 ± 0.07
0.72 ± 0.05
0.63 ± 0.03
0.62 ± 0.05
0.021
Femoral neck
0.67 ± 0.04
0.65 ± 0.03
0.59 ± 0.08
0.60 ± 0.05
0.016
Education (>9 years)
13 (24.1%)
6 (21.4%)
10 (21.3%)
3 (13.0%)
0.156
Supplemental Vitamin D use
16 (29.6%)
14 (50.0%)
7 (14.9%)
4 (17.4%)
0.231
Supplemental calcium use
17 (31.5%)
13 (46.4%)
10 (21.3%)
4 (17.4%)
0.369
Lifestyle related habits
Drinker
2 (3.7%)
2 (7.1%)
2 (4.3%)
1 (4.3%)
0.023
Smoker
2 (3.7%)
1 (3.6%)
2 (4.3%)
0
0.027
Physically active
17 (31.5%)
8 (28.6%)
10 (21.3%)
6 (26.1%)
0.159
Chronic medical history
Diabetes
10 (18.5%)
7 (25.0%)
9 (19.1%)
6 (26.1%)
0.137
Hypertension
19 (35.2%)
7 (25.0%)
17 (36.2%)
6 (26.1%)
0.308
CHD
10 (18.5%)
6 (21.4%)
8 (17.0%)
3 (13.0%)
0.289
Dementia
1 (1.9%)
1 (3.6%)
0
1 (4.3%)
0.165
Parkinsonism
2 (3.7%)
1 (3.6%)
1 (2.1%)
1 (4.3%)
0.148
Stroke
1 (1.9%)
1 (3.6%)
0
1 (4.3%)
0.189
Cancer
1 (1.9%)
1 (3.6%)
0
0
0.275
COPD
5 (9.3%)
3 (10.7%)
3 (6.4%)
1 (4.3%)
0.158
Notes. Values are mean ± standard deviation (SD) and number (percentage). BMI: body mass index; AMI: appendicular muscle mass index; BMD: bone mineral density; CHD: coronary heart disease; COPD: chronic obstructive lung disease.
