Relationship between Branched-Chain Amino Acids, Metabolic Syndrome, and Cardiovascular Risk Profile in a Chinese Population: A Cross-Sectional Study

Table 4

Multiple logistic regression analyses of the relationship between BCAAs and high Framingham cardiovascular risk.

Independent variable	⁢Model 1		⁢Model 2		⁢Model 3
	OR (95% CI)	value	OR (95% CI)	value	OR (95% CI)	value
BCAAs (μg/mL)	1.03 (1.01–1.04)	<0.001	1.03 (1.02–1.04)	0.001	1.03 (1.00–1.04)	0.001
L-Leu (μg/mL)	1.07 (1.03–1.11)	<0.001	1.06 (1.02–1.10)	0.001	1.06 (1.02–1.09)	0.029
L-Ile (μg/mL)	1.18 (1.10–1.23)	<0.001	1.17 (1.11–1.22)	<0.001	1.16 (1.10–1.22)	0.008
L-Val (μg/mL)	1.05 (1.03–1.07)	<0.001	1.05 (1.03–1.07)	<0.001	1.03 (1.01–1.06)	0.033

Notes. CI: confidence interval; OR: odds ratio; BCAAs: branched-chain amino acids; AAAs: aromatic amino acids; MS: metabolic system; L-Leu: L-leucine; L-Ile: L-isoleucine; and L-Val: L-valine. Model 1: unadjusting; Model 2: adjusting for MS and eGFR; and Model 3: adjusting for systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, fasting plasma glucose, triglycerides, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, uric acid, body mass index, estimated glomerular filtration rate, current drinking and smoking status, and administration of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blocker.