Male Hypogonadism and Osteoporosis: The Effects, Clinical Consequences, and Treatment of Testosterone Deficiency in Bone Health
Table 2
Comparison of BMD and fracture risk associations of sex steroids and SHBG from large studies.
Fracture risk
BMD
Testosterone
Estrogen
SHBG
Testosterone
Estrogen
SHBG
Study
Characteristics
H
V
O
H
V
O
H
V
O
H
V
O
H
V
O
H
V
O
CHAMP
Observational study 958 Australian men over 70 5-year follow-up
N
–
N
N
–
N
Y
–
Y
Y
–
–
Y
–
–
Y
–
–
Dubbo
Observational study 609 Australian men over 60 Average follow-up of 5.8 years
Y
N
N
N
N
N
–
–
–
–
–
–
Y
LASA
Observational study 623 Dutch men over 55 Follow-up 3–6 years
–
–
N
–
–
Y
–
–
–
Y
–
–
Y
–
–
–
–
–
Tromsø
Observational study 3564 Norwegian men and women aged 25 to 84 (avg age 60) Average follow-up of 6.5 years
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Y
Framingham
Prospective cohort study 405 men aged 68 to 96 Hypogonadal men ( ng/mL) versus eugonadal men
–
N
N
–
Y
Y
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
mROS Sweden
Observational study 3014 Swedish men aged 69–80 Average follow-up of 3.32 years
N
N
N
Y
Y
Y
Y
N
Y
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
mROS US
Observational study 1234 men over 65 Average follow-up of 4.6 years
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
N
–
–
Y
–
–
Y
–
–
mROS US
Observational study 1436 American men over 65 Average follow-up of 4.7 years
N
–
N
N
–
Y
Y
–
Y
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
mROS Hong Kong
Observational study 1498 men over 65 from Hong Kong Average follow-up of 4 years
N
–
N
N
–
Y
N
–
N
N
–
N
Y
–
Y
N
–
N
Rotterdam
Prospective case-control study 179 men over 55 from Rotterdam Average follow-up of 6.5 years
–
–
–
–
N
–
–
N
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
EPIC-Oxford
Prospective cohort study 155 men from Oxford avg age 51 6-year follow-up period
–
–
N
–
–
Y
–
–
N
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Y denotes statistically significant association; N denotes no association; – indicates not studied. H = hip, V = vertebral, and O = other sites not including hip or vertebral. represents analysis was only univariate and not multivariate.