Elevated Squamous Cell Carcinoma Antigen, Cytokeratin 19 Fragment, and Carcinoembryonic Antigen Levels in Diabetic Nephropathy

Table 2

Serum tumor marker levels in diabetic patients and controls.

Tumor markers	Control group	DM group	DN1 group	DN2 group
N	90	96	88	77
SCC	0.50 (0.10–0.90)	0.60 (0.20–0.90)	0.80 (0.40–1.10)^†	1.25 (0.58–1.80)^†$
Cyfra21-1	1.70 (1.28–2.15)	2.20 (1.80–3.28)	2.95 (2.10–3.90)^†	3.50 (2.60–4.50)^†$
NSE	6.32 (5.72–7.35)	6.42 (5.46–7.26)	6.53 (5.04–8.65)	6.77 (5.67–8.75)
CEA	1.67 (1.12–2.57)	2.02 (1.46–3.11)	2.71 (1.86–4.02)^†	3.43 (2.43–4.89)^†

Data are summarized as median (interquartile range) for continuous variables. DM: diabetes mellitus with normoalbuminuria; DN1: diabetes mellitus with microalbuminuria; DN2: diabetes mellitus with macroalbuminuria; SCC: squamous cell carninoma antigen; Cyfra21-1: cytokeratin 19 fragment antigen 21-1; NSE: neuron specific enolase; CEA: carcinoembryonic antigen. versus control group; ^† versus DM group; ^$ versus DN1 group.