A Randomised, Controlled Study of Different Glycaemic Targets during Gestational Diabetes Treatment: Effect on the Level of Adipokines in Cord Blood and ANGPTL4 Expression in Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells
Table 3
Pregnancy outcomes, biochemical markers in the cord blood, and ANGPTL4 gene expression in HUVECs.
GDM 1 ()
GDM2 ()
Control ()
Gestational age at delivery, weeks
39.2 ± 1.5
39.3 ± 1.0
39.7 ± 1.0
0.261
Caesarean section, % ()
30% (6)
19% (4)
20% (5)
0.723
Birth weight, g
3572 ± 488
3584 ± 577
3513 ± 555
0.856
Height, cm
52.1 ± 2.5
52.4 ± 2.3
52.1 ± 2.5
0.990
LGA, % ()
20% (4)
23% (5)
12% (3)
0.235
SGA, % ()
5% (1)
9.5% (2)
4% (1)
0.819
Apgar score 1 min
7.5 ± 0.7
7.7 ± 1.1
7.7 ± 0.6
0.204
Apgar score 5 min
8.6 ± 0.5
8.7 ± 0.9
8.8 ± 0.4
0.208
Glucose, mmol/L
4.7 ± 1.2
5.3 ± 1.3
4.5 ± 1.2
0.203
C-peptide, ng/mL
0.8 ± 0.5
1.0 ± 0.6
0.9 ± 0.4
0.379
Leptin, ng/mL
8.8 ± 6.6
18.3 ± 16.1
10.6 ± 10.4
0.042
Adiponectin, ng/mL
15.9 ± 11.5
16.3 ± 14.4
18.3 ± 14.3
0.843
LAR
0.97 ± 1.31
1.70 ± 1.66
0.72 ± 0.46
0.038
ANGPTL4 in cord serum, ng/mL
19.9 ± 15.0
14.1 ± 4.5
13.9 ± 5.2
0.248
ANGPTL4 relative expression in HUVECs
23.1 ± 25.6
21.5 ± 25.8
98.3 ± 104.6
0.001
Notes: LAR: leptin/adiponectin ratio; LGA: large for gestational age; SGA: small for gestational age. LGA was defined by a birth weight exceeding the 90th percentile on standard charts. SGA was defined by a birth weight below the 10th percentile on standard charts. versus GDM2; versus the control group; versus the control group.
