Effectiveness of Systematic Health Education Model for Type 2 Diabetes Patients
Table 1
Baseline characteristics of participants.
SHEM ()
Control ()
value
Age (years)
50.8 (14.3)
52.6 (13.2)
0.76
Female (% (95% CI))
50.7 (43.2–58.2)
48.9 (40.3–57.5)
0.57
DM duration (years)
10.5 (10.0)
11.1 (8.8)
0.88
Smoker (% (95% CI))
9.6 (5.3–13.9)
11.9 (4.6–19.2)
0.26
Number of cigarettes/day
11.3 (6.6)
10.9 (7.3)
0.89
Alcohol/week (units)
4.4 (3.3)
6.0 (3.2)
0.24
Exercise (hours/week)
7.5 (2.5)
8.1 (2.3)
0.53
Compliance with diet (% (95% CI))
37.0 (32.2–41.8)
40.5 (36.3–44.7)
0.27
Self-control (% (95% CI))
33.5 (31.8–35.2)
30.1 (28.8–31.4)
0.24
Foot care (% (95% CI))
23.1 (19.5–26.7)
20.9 (17.7–24.1)
0.40
Therapeutic compliance (% (95% CI))
49.3 (45.1–53.5)
52.6 (49.2–56.0)
0.31
History of (% (95% CI))
Hypertension
66.1 (60.6–71.6)
64.9 (60.3–69.5)
0.46
Stroke
12.1 (8.5–15.7)
9.8 (6.5–13.1)
0.26
AMI
4.5 (2.3–6.7)
5.5 (3.1–7.9)
0.46
CHD angina
20.2 (15.9–24.5)
23.3 (19.1–27.5)
0.25
Dyslipidemia
48.9 (43.4–54.4)
51.3 (45.7–56.9)
0.44
Neuropathy
14.1 (10.3–17.9)
10.8 (7.3–14.3)
0.12
Retinopathy
16.0 (11.5–20.5)
19.2 (14.1–24.3)
0.18
Nephropathy
7.6 (4.4–10.8)
10.4 (6.9–13.9)
0.12
Biochemical and biological parameters
HbA1c (%)
7.86 (1.2)
8.15 (1.5)
0.61
Total cholesterol (mg/dl)
212.4 (64.9)
195.6 (62.6)
0.53
LDL cholesterol (mg/dl)
128.8 (9.6)
131.2 (9.5)
0.56
HDL cholesterol (mg/dl)
62.3 (15.9)
61.2 (19.5)
0.87
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)
137.5 (15.4)
141.7 (15.9)
0.52
Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg)
89.0 (14.9)
84.0 (16.0)
0.44
Body mass index (kg/m2)
25.3 (4.5)
26.6 (6.2)
0.58
Values are given as mean (SD) unless otherwise specified. SHEM: systematic health education model; CI: confidence interval; CHD: coronary heart disease; AMI: acute myocardial infarction.
