Free Testosterone Reflects Metabolic as well as Ovarian Disturbances in Subfertile Oligomenorrheic Women
Table 3
Associations between androgens and SHBG and metabolic and ovarian parameters.
Adjustments
Total T
A4
Free T
SHBG
BMI
Unadjusted
1.06
1.17
2.09
−2.89
(−0.13, 2.24)
(−0.001, 2.34)
(0.98, 3.19)
(−4.16, −1.61)
Age
1.06
1.17
2.12
−2.92
(−0.13, 2.25)
(−0.01, 2.35)
(1.00, 3.23)
(−4.21, −1.64)
Glucose
Unadjusted
0.07
0.25
0.02
−1.50
(−1.68, 1.81)
(−1.50, 1.99)
(−0.02, 0.06)
(−3.64, 0.65)
Age and BMI
−0.19
−0.01
0.01
−0.90
(−1.95, 1.57)
(−1.78, 1.76)
(−0.03, 0.05)
(−3.40, 1.61)
Insulin
Unadjusted
3.89
4.53
0.01
−19.39
(−5.67, 13.45)
(−4.98, 14.04)
(0.002, 0.02)
(−30.20, −8.58)
Age and BMI
−0.79
−0.63
0.001
−5.52
(−8.33, 6.76)
(−8.19, 6.94)
(−0.007, 0.01)
(−16.16, 5.13)
HOMA-IR
Unadjusted
0.08
0.09
0.48
−0.36
(−0.10, 0.25)
(−0.09, 0.27)
(0.10, 0.85)
(−0.55, −0.16)
Age and BMI
−0.01
0.001
0.11
−0.10
(−0.14, 0.13)
(−0.14, 0.14)
(−0.38, 0.60)
(−0.29, 0.09)
Total cholesterol
Unadjusted
9.95
7.22
0.01
1.92
(3.56, 16.33)
(0.64–13.80)
(0.001, 0.02)
(−6.35, 10.20)
Age and BMI
8.90
6.00
0.01
8.19
(2.41, 15.38)
(−0.70, 12.71)
(−0.003, 0.01)
(−0.95, 17.31)
HDL cholesterol
Unadjusted
1.24
0.09
−0.01
4.65
(−2.03, 4.52)
(−3.19, 3.37)
(−0.03, 0.01)
(0.84, 8.47)
Age and BMI
1.88
0.80
−0.004
4.42
(−1.27, 5.03)
(−2.39, 3.98)
(−0.02, 0.01)
(0.22, 8.62)
LDL cholesterol
Unadjusted
7.17
5.96
0.01
0.08
(1.66, 12.67)
(0.39, 11.52)
(0.001, 0.02)
(−6.93, 7.08)
Age and BMI
6.01
4.67
0.01
5.51
(0.45, 11.57)
(−0.98, 10.32)
(−0.004, 0.02)
(−2.23, 13.25)
Triglycerides
Unadjusted
7.69
5.88
0.01
−14.03
(−3.78, 19.17)
(−5.62, 17.37)
(0.001, 0.01)
(−27.68, −0.39)
Age and BMI
5.04
2.65
0.005
−8.70
(−6.04, 16.12)
(−8.50, 13.80)
(−0.0004, 0.01)
(−23.76, 6.35)
AMH
Unadjusted
0.08
0.08
0.06
−0.01
(0.03, 0.12)
(0.03, 0.12)
(0.02, 0.11)
(−0.05, 0.03)
Age and BMI
0.07
0.08
0.06
−0.01
(0.03, 0.12)
(0.03, 0.12)
(0.02, 0.10)
(−0.05, 0.03)
Ovarian volume
Unadjusted
0.15
0.17
0.16
−0.05
(0.09, 0.22)
(0.11, 0.23)
(0.09, 0.22)
(−0.11, 0.01)
Age and BMI
0.15
0.17
0.14
−0.03
(0.08, 0.21)
(0.11, 0.23)
(0.08, 0.20)
(−0.09, 0.02)
AFC
Unadjusted
0.04
0.05
0.04
−0.01
(0.03, 0.06)
(0.03, 0.06)
(0.02, 0.05)
(−0.03, 0.005)
Age and BMI
0.04
0.05
0.04
−0.01
(0.03, 0.06)
(0.03, 0.06)
(0.02, 0.05)
(−0.02, 0.003)
Linear regression with adjustments for age and BMI. Data are reported as coefficients with 95% confidence interval per standard deviation increase in androgen/SHBG. ,,. T: testosterone; A4: androstenedione; SHBG: sex hormone-binding globulin; BMI: body mass index; HOMA-IR: homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance; AMH: anti-Mullerian hormone; AFC: antral follicle count.