Selected Metabolic Markers in Girls with Turner Syndrome: A Pilot Study

Table 3

Biochemical characteristics of the control group and the study group.

	Control group ()	Study group ()	value
MMP-1 (ng/ml)	3.8 ± 2.3	11.4 ± 6.8	<0.001
MMP-2 (ng/ml)	239.5 ± 31.6	258.9 ± 64.0	0.47
TIMP-1 (ng/ml)	216.2 ± 67.8	242.9 ± 74.7	0.27
MMP-9 (ng/ml)	351.0 ± 141.5	421.2 ± 186.7	0.29
BDNF (ng/ml)	24.1 ± 6.3	38.4 ± 13.2	0.001
GDNF (ng/ml)	5.7 ± 13.9	3.1 ± 2.5	0.45
VEGF (ng/ml)	125.5 ± 120.3	69.5 ± 66.8	0.18
fT4 (ng/dl)	1.3 ± 0.1	1.3 ± 0.2	0.38
TSH (mIU/l)	2.4 ± 0.9	3.1 ± 1.6	0.37
ALT (IU/l)	14.7 ± 4.1	17.7 ± 3.1	0.06
AST (IU/l)	34.3 ± 10.0	31.2 ± 10.0	0.39
IGF-1 (ng/ml)	172.1 ± 110.3	549.2 ± 264.5	<0.001

Mann–Whitney test. Data are presented as mean ± SD. hSDS: height standard deviation score; MMP-1: matrix metalloproteinase-1; MMP-2: matrix metalloproteinase-2; TIMP-1: tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1; MMP-9: matrix metallopeptidase 9; BDNF: brain-derived neurotrophic factor; VEGF: vascular endothelial growth factor; fT4: unbound T₄; TSH: thyroid-stimulating hormone; ALT: alanine transaminase; AST: aspartate transaminase; IGF-1: insulin-like growth factor 1.