Liraglutide Attenuates Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease through Adjusting Lipid Metabolism via SHP1/AMPK Signaling Pathway

Figure 4

SHP1/AMPK pathway was involved in relieving effects of liraglutide on hepatocellular steatosis in vitro. (a) HepG2 cells were cultured in FBS-free DMEM with 250 nmol/L PA in 24 hours and then exposed to liraglutide for 24 hours after cells had been transfected by LV-SHP or control LV-GFP, shSHP, and control shCTL. And cells were stained with Oil Red O and photographed under the microscope (magnification ×200, scale 20 μm). (b) Intracellular lipid accumulation was quantified by semiquantitative analysis. The rate of cell with positive area is shown as mean ± SD of three independent experiments. (c) The changes of levels of AMPK pathway proteins and lipid lipogenesis proteins in all groups. FAS, SREBP-1c, p-AMPK, AMPK, p-ACC, and ACC were detected by western blot and the representative images are shown. (d) The densitometry ratio of FAS/GAPDH, SREBP-1c/GAPDH, p-AMPK/AMPK, and p-ACC/ACC are shown as mean ± SD of three independent experiments. The western blot results were normalized to the control value. denotes P < 0.05.