Serum Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 Levels Are Positively Associated with Metabolic Syndrome in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

Table 3

Correlation between serum fibroblast growth factor 21 levels and clinical variables among the 126 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Variables	Logarithmically transformed fibroblast growth factor 21 (pg/mL)
	Univariate			Multivariate
	R	value	Beta	Adjusted R^2change	value
Women	0.172	0.055	—	—	—
Hypertension	0.201	0.024	—	—	—
Age (years)	0.121	0.179	—	—	—
Height (cm)	–0.059	0.513	—	—	—
Body weight (kg)	0.168	0.060	—	—	—
Body mass index (kg/m^2)	0.259	0.003	—	—	—
Waist circumference (cm)	0.301	0.001	—	—	—
Body fat mass (%)	0.359	<0.001	0.218	0.218	0.008
SBP (mmHg)	0.191	0.032	—	—	—
DBP (mmHg)	0.180	0.043	—	—	—
Total cholesterol (mg/dL)	0.163	0.068	—	—	—
Log-triglyceride (mg/dL)	0.499	<0.001	0.357	0.036	<0.001
HDL-C (mg/dL)	–0.219	0.014	—	—	—
LDL-C (mg/dL)	0.176	0.049	—	—	—
Log-glucose (mg/dL)	0.187	0.036	—	—	—
Log-HbA1c (%)	0.059	0.517	—	—	—
Log-BUN (mg/dL)	0.001	0.996	—	—	—
Log-creatinine (mg/dL)	0.194	0.029	—	—	—
eGFR (mL/min)	–0.325	<0.001	–0.205	0.033	0.013
Log-UACR (mg/g)	0.198	0.031	—	—	—
Log-insulin (μIU/mL)	0.334	<0.001	—	—	—
Log-HOMA-IR	0.358	<0.001	—	—	—

Data of triglyceride, glucose, HbA1c, BUN, creatinine, UACR, insulin, and HOMA-IR levels showed skewed distribution and therefore were log-transformed before analysis. Analysis of data was done using the univariate linear regression analysis or multivariate stepwise linear regression analysis (adapted factors were hypertension, body mass index, waist circumference, body fat mass, SBP, DBP, log-triglyceride, HDL-C, LDL-C, log-glucose, log-creatinine, eGFR, log-UACR, insulin, and HOMA-IR). SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; HbA1c, glycated hemoglobin; BUN, blood urea nitrogen; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; UACR, urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio; HOMA-IR, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance. was considered statistically significant.