The Effect of Iodine Status on the Risk of Thyroid Nodules: A Cross-Sectional Study in Zhejiang, China
Table 1
Summary statistics of variables between nonthyroid nodule and thyroid nodule groups.
Variables
Nonthyroid nodule (n = 2290)
Thyroid nodule (n = 420)
Total (n = 2710)
Gendera
0.00
Female
1108 (81.7)
249 (18.4)
1357 (50.1)
Male
1182 (87.4)
171 (12.6)
1353 (49.9)
Age (yearb)
42.40 (15.8)
50.09 (15.5)
43.0 (25.0)
0.00
Age groupa
0.00
18–29
608 (91.8)
54 (8.2)
662 (24.4)
30–39
478 (88.4)
63 (11.7)
541 (20.0)
40–49
487 (85.0)
86 (15.0)
573 (21.1)
50–59
340 (79.1)
90 (20.9)
430 (15.9)
60–69
223 (75.1)
74 (24.9)
297 (11.0)
≥70
154 (74.4)
53 (25.6)
207 (7.6)
Educationa
Illiteracy/primary school
521 (79.4)
135 (20.6)
656 (24.2)
Junior middle school
687 (83.5)
136 (16.5)
823 (30.4)
High school/technical secondary school
476 (87.8)
66 (12.2)
542 (20.0)
University/college/graduate student
606 (88.0)
83 (12.0)
689 (25.4)
Professiona
0.00
Physical labor
932 (84.4)
172 (15.6)
1104 (40.7)
Agricultural labor
275 (76.0)
87 (24.0)
362 (13.4)
Mental labor
694 (88.5)
90 (11.5)
784 (28.9)
Others
389 (84.6)
71 (15.4)
460 (17.0)
Income, thousand yuana
0.06
<10
252 (88.1)
34 (11.9)
286 (10.6)
10–29
367 (82.8)
76 (17.2)
443 (16.4)
30–49
626 (82.0)
137 (18.0)
763 (28.2)
50–99
636 (85.6)
107 (14.4)
743 (27.4)
≥100
409 (86.1)
66 (13.9)
475 (17.5)
Regiona
0.41
County
1119 (85.1)
196 (14.9)
1315 (48.5)
District
1171 (83.9)
224 (16.1)
1395 (51.5)
Smokea
0.94
No
1874 (84.5)
343 (15.5)
2217 (81.8)
Yes
416 (84.4)
77 (15.6)
493 (18.2)
Passive smokea
0.82
No
1648 (84.6)
300 (15.4)
1948 (71.9)
Yes
642 (84.3)
120 (15.7)
762 (28.1)
Family history of thyroid diseasesa
0.60
No
2194 (84.6)
400 (15.4)
2594 (95.7)
Yes
96 (82.8)
20 (17.2)
116 (4.3)
Hypertensiona
0.00
No
1724 (86.1)
278 (13.9)
2002 (73.9)
Yes
566 (79.9)
142 (20.1)
708 (26.1)
BMI (kg/m2b)
23.4 (3.4)
24.2 (3.2)
23.6 ± 3.4
0.00
Waist circumference (cmb)
80.8 (9.5)
84.7 (8.8)
81.4 ± 9.5
0.00
Heart rate (times/minuteb)
79.7 (11.7)
80.2 (11.2)
79.8 ± 11.6
0.41
FBG (mmol l−1b)
5.5 (1.5)
5.7 (1.3)
5.5 ± 1.5
0.00
OGTT-2h (mmol l−1b)
5.9 (2.2)
6.3 (2.4)
5.9 ± 2.2
0.00
HbA1cb
5.4 (1.1)
5.6 (0.8)
5.5 ± 1.0
0.00
TG (mmol l−1b)
1.6 (2.9)
1.6 (1.4)
1.6 ± 2.7
0.96
TC (mmol l−1b)
4.6 (1.3)
5.0 (1.1)
4.7 ± 1.3
0.00
LDL-C (mmol l−1b)
2.8 (0.8)
3.1 (0.9)
2.9 ± 0.8
0.00
HDL-C (mmol l−1b
1.6 (0.5)
1.6 (0.4)
1.6 ± 0.5
0.32
UA (mmol l−1b)
297.1 (169.8)
285.1 (84.7)
295.2 ± 159.7
0.03
TSH (mIU l−1c)
2.2 (1.8)
2.0 (1.4)
2.2 (1.73)
0.00
Overt hyperthyroidisma
1.00
No
2282 (84.5)
419 (15.5)
2701 (99.7)
Yes
8 (88.9)
1 (11.1)
9 (0.3)
Subclinical hyperthyroidisma
0.05
No
2287 (84.6)
417 (15.4)
2704 (99.8)
Yes
3 (50)
3 (50)
6 (0.2)
Overt hypothyroidisma
1.00
No
2275 (84.5)
418 (15.5)
2693 (99.4)
Yes
15 (88.2)
2 (11.8)
17 (0.6)
Subclinical hyperthyroidisma
0.05
No
1989 (84.5)
366 (15.5)
2355 (86.9)
Yes
314 (88.5)
41 (11.5)
355 (13.1)
TPOAb (IU l−1c)
11.5 (5.7)
11.8 (5.7)
11.6 (5.7)
0.94
TGAb (IU l−1c)
12.5 (6.7)
13.2 (7.3)
12.6 (7.0)
0.00
Iodized salta
0.00
No
706 (71.8)
277 (28.2)
983 (36.3)
Yes
1584 (91.7)
143 (8.3)
1727 (63.7)
UIC (μg l−1C)
164.0 (134.6)
122.9 (110.3)
158 (134.2)
0.00
UIC (μg l−1a)
0.00
<100
541 (23.6)
158 (37.6)
699 (25.8)
100–199
917 (40)
165 (39.3)
1082 (39.9)
200–299
530 (23.1)
63 (15)
593 (21.9)
≥300
302 (13.2)
34 (8.1)
336 (12.4)
aExpression with the number (proportion %), tested with the chi-square test. bExpression with mean (SD), tested with the t-test. cExpression with median (IQR), tested with the Wilcoxon method.