Relationship of Serum Total Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein-3 with Insulin-Like Growth Factor-I and Glucose Tolerance in Korean Children and Adolescents

Table 2

Clinical characteristics of the study subjects.

Characteristic		Total	NGT	Glucose intolerance			value (NGT versus IGT versus DM)
				IGT	DM	Subtotal
Number (%)		187 (100.0)	115 (61.5)	33 (17.6)	39 (20.9)	72
HbA1c (%)		6.33 ± 1.83	5.51 ± 0.29	6.07 ± 1.06†	9.00 ± 2.41‡	7.66 ± 2.40	<0.001
Systolic BP (mmHg)		120.24 ± 16.07	117.38 ± 15.23	123.34 ± 17.42†	125.68 ± 15.72†	124.61 ± 16.44	0.011
Diastolic BP (mmHg)		71.77 ± 11.31	71.27 ± 10.90	70.75 ± 12.38	74.05 ± 11.50	72.54 ± 11.94	0.367
FPG (mg/dL)		111.01 ± 53.26	89.04 ± 7.58	96.24 ± 15.30	188.28 ± 75.74†	146.10 ± 72.86	<0.001
2 hr PLG (mg/dL)		177.72 ± 128.10	115.34 ± 14.47	165.26 ± 30.96†	349.29 ± 110.88‡	277.35 ± 162.13	<0.001
C-peptide (ng/mL)		2.69 ± 1.54	2.34 ± 1.18	2.78 ± 1.21	3.56 ± 2.20†	3.21 ± 1.85	<0.001
Insulin (μU/mL)		18.07 ± 17.66	15.21 ± 11.87	19.61 ± 13.15	26.67 ± 31.40†	23.14 ± 24.12	0.008
HOMA-IR		4.98 ± 5.78	3.34 ± 2.82	4.74 ± 3.40†	10.98 ± 10.09†	7.86 ± 8.10	<0.001
Lipid profile	Cholesterol (mg/dL)	169.24 ± 32.31	164.63 ± 30.27	165.06 ± 26.12	186.13 ± 37.53†	176.36 ± 34.65	0.001
	Triglyceride (mg/dL)	122.25 ± 69.34	112.50 ± 65.99	124.91 ± 67.74†	148.28 ± 74.81†	137.57 ± 72.12	0.020
	HDL (mg/dL)	46.55 ± 11.03	47.86 ± 11.45	45.09 ± 10.79	43.97 ± 9.52	44.49 ± 10.06	0.116
	LDL (mg/dL)	101.79 ± 30.75	97.96 ± 29.50	101.21 ± 27.52†	113.38 ± 34.56†	107.81 ± 31.90	0.025
IGF-I (ng/mL)		343.92 ± 153.32	303.70 ± 134.59	394.10 ± 140.16†	414.39 ± 178.38†	404.84 ± 160.67	<0.001
IGFBP-3 (ng/mL)		5688.01 ± 1229.54	5176.10 ± 953.61	6018.06 ± 1238.95†	6858.29 ± 1026.79‡	6463.64 ± 1199.37	<0.001
IGF-I/IGFBP-3 ratio		0.0599 ± 0.0221	0.0581 ± 0.0211	0.0654 ± 0.0226	0.0600 ± 0.0242	0.0625 ± 0.0234	0.276

The data are presented as mean ± SD values. NGT, normal glucose tolerance; IGT, impaired glucose tolerance; DM, type 2 diabetes mellitus; BP, blood pressure; HbA1c, glycosylated hemoglobin; FPG, fasting plasma glucose; 2 hr PLG, 2-hour postload glucose; HOMA-IR, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; IGF-I, insulin-like growth factor-I; IGFBP-3, insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3; SD, standard deviation. ^{, †, ‡}The same superscript designator indicates that there is no significant difference between the groups based on the Tukey multiple comparison test.