Repeatability and Heritability of Behavioural Types in a Social Cichlid

Table 3

Heritabilities ℎ² of offspring behavioural type using the weighted regression equation approach for parents versus offspring (weighing the mid-offspring behavioural type by the square root of the number of offspring tested) and the one-way ANOVA approach for siblings (with brood identifier as a random factor).

Comparison	n pairs or parent, n offspring	MS	df, error df	F	Estimates		ℎ^2 ± SE
					Intercept ± SE	Slope ± SE
Midparent-offspring	70, 1272	0.95	1, 276	8.58**	−0.010±0.024 ns	0.117±0.040^∗∗	0.12±0.04
Mother-offspring	49, 1318	2.10	1, 283	12.46***	0.008±0.025 ns	0.095±0.027^∗∗∗	0.19±0.03
Father-offspring	50, 1281	0.07	1, 279	0.44 ns	−0.007±0.025 ns	−0.019±0.028 ns	0.00±0.03
Siblings	162^a, 1327	1.90	161, 1165	3.08***	−0.004±0.040 ns		0.41±0.03

^aNumber of broods.
ns: nonsignificant, ^∗𝑃<.05,^∗∗𝑃<.01,^∗∗∗𝑃<.001.
In total 74 pairs with 162 broods were tested (in one pair the mother was untested for behavioural type and in three pairs the father was untested for behavioural type). MS: mean square.
Heritability estimates are twice the slopes for mother-offspring and father-offspring regressions, and twice the intraclass correlation coefficient for siblings.