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Measurement/index | Acronym |
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Maximum glabello-occipital cranial length | GOL |
Maximum nasio-occipital cranial length | NOL |
Basion-nasion (cranial base) length | BNL |
Basion-bregma cranial height | BBH |
Maximum transverse cranial breadth (above the supramastoid crests) | XCB |
Maximum transverse frontal breadth | XFB |
Bistephanic breadth (frontal breadth across the inferior temporal lines) | STB |
Bizygomatic facial breadth | ZYB |
Biauricular breadth (across the roots of the zygomatic processes) | AUB |
Minimum cranial breadth (across the infratemporal crests) | WCB |
Biasterionic (maximum occipital) breadth | ASB |
Basion-prosthion (facial) length | BPL |
Nasion-prosthion (upper facial) height | NPH |
Nasal height | NLH |
Orbital height (left) | OBH |
Orbital breadth from dacryon (left) | OBB |
Bijugal breadth (breadth across the middle malars) | JUB |
Nasal breadth | NLB |
External palate breadth | MAB |
Mastoid process height | MDH |
Mastoid process breadth | MDB |
Bimaxillary (inferior malar) breadth | ZMB |
Zygomaxillary subtense (subspinale projection from bimaxillary breadth) | SSS |
Bifrontal (upper facial) breadth | FMB |
Nasion-frontal subtense (nasion projection from binfrontal breadth) | NAS |
Biorbital breadth (breadth from dacryon to ectoconchion) | EKB |
Dacryon subtense (dacryon projection from biorbital breadth) | DKS |
Interorbital breadth (across the dacrya) | DKB |
Nasodacryal subtense (least projection of nasal bones from interorbital breadth) | NDS |
Simotic chord (least breadth across the nasal bones) | WNB |
Simotic subtense (projection of the nasal bridge from simotic chord) | SIS |
Inferior malar length (left) | IML |
Maximum malar length (left) | XML |
Malar subtense (greatest projection of malar from maximum malar length) | MLS |
Cheek height (left) | WMH |
Supraorbital projection (projection of left superciliary ridge) | SOS |
Glabella projection (greatest projection from nasion-supraglabellare chord) | GLS |
Foramen magnum (basion to opisthion) length | FOL |
Frontal (nasion to bregma) chord | FRC |
Frontal subtense (greatest projection from frontal chord) | FRS |
Frontal fraction (distance from nasion where greatest frontal projection falls) | FRF |
Parietal (bregma to lambda) chord | PAC |
Parietal subtense (greatest projection from parietal chord) | PAS |
Parietal fraction (distance from bregma where greatest parietal projection falls) | PAF |
Occipital (lambda to opisthion) chord | OCC |
Occipital subtense (greatest projection from occipital chord) | OCS |
Occipital fraction (distance from lambda where greatest occipital projection falls) | OCF |
Cranial index (100 * XCB/GOL) | GOL:XCB |
Vault length-height index (100 * BBH/GOL) | GOL:BBH |
Frontal curvature index (100 * FRS/FRC) | FRC:FRS |
Parietal curvature index (100 * PAS/PAC) | PAC:PAS |
Occipital curvature index (100 * OCS/OCC) | OCC:OCS |
Gnathic index (100 * BPL/BNL) | BNL:BPL |
Posterior craniofacial index (100 * ASB/ZYB) | ZYB:ASB |
Transverse craniofacial index (100 * ZYB/XCB) | XCB:ZYB |
Upper facial index (100 * NPH/ZYB) | ZYB:NPH |
Bizygomatic-bimaxillary index (100 * ZMB/ZYB) | ZYB:ZMB |
Nasal index (100 * NLB/NLH) | NLH:NLB |
Orbital index (100 * OBH/OBB) | OBB:OBH |
Frontal flatness index (100* NAS/FMB) | FMB:NAS |
Orbital flatness index (100* DKS/EKB) | EKB:DKS |
Maxillary flatness index (100* SSS/ZMB) | ZMB:SSS |
Nasodacryal index (100* NDS/DKB) | DKB:NDS |
Simotic index (100* SIS/WNB) | WNB:SIS |
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