The Effect of Water on the Tin Electrodeposition from [Bmim]HSO4 Ionic Liquid

Figure 4

SEM images of Sn deposits obtained from the [Bmim]HSO₄/H₂O mixture (30% H₂O, v/v) solution containing 40 mM SnO at different deposition potential: (a) -0.45 V, (b) -0.5 V, (c) -0.55 V, and (d) -0.6 V. Temperature: 353 K.

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)