Scale-Dependent Browsing Patterns on Canada Yew (Taxus canadensis) by White-Tailed Deer (Odocoileus virginianus)

Table 1

Characteristics of 24 forested stands sampled for Canada yew browse in 2001-2002 in Marquette and Alger counties, Michigan, USA. Only those stands with at least one cluster of ≥3 live stems were included in model selection analyses and are shown below.

Stand name	Year sampled	Mgmt.^a status	Mean canopy cover (%)	Decid. basal area (m^2/ha)	Conifer basal area (m^2/ha)	Mean yew cover (%)	Yew stems
							𝑁^𝑏	Mean cumulative browse score	Mean stem length (cm)
CWC	2001	P	92.6±2.8	40.0	0.0	0.0±0.0	1	6.0±na	19.2±na
Section 33	2001	M	86.3±6.3	21.9	0.0	10.3±1.7	7	3.9±0.4	45.2±4.5
HillTop	2001	M	80.6±4.1	22.9	0.1	13.3±2.2	15	2.8±0.4	47.3±2.9
Carmody West	2001	P	96.0±1.1	22.7	0.0	14.5±2.9	8	2.5±0.4	44.6±4.8
Dukes West	2001	M	87.1±3.7	27.4	0.1	16.3±3.7	10	5.2±0.2	32.7±2.3
Carmody East	2001	M	79.8±6.4	19.1	0.1	23.9±3.6	11	2.1±0.4	60.1±4.6
Monette	2001	M	96.4±2.5	24.8	0.1	27.1±2.6	8	2.2±0.3	50.1±6.4
SuperThick	2001	M	76.5±4.5	16.4	0.0	28.3±3.1	14	2.5±0.4	47.2±2.8
Chatham Ski Hill	2001	M	93.8±2.2	22.6	5.3	43.6±2.5	18	2.7±0.3	47.7±3.7
Section 28	2001	M	86.4±4.8	17.1	0.1	45.1±2.7	13	1.4±0.2	60.6±8.4
Miners NE	2001	M	88.7±3.3	15.6	0.5	52.6±2.6	11	1.9±0.3	60.2±5.9
Miners Control	2002	P	96.3±2.2	36.3	0.0	0.0±0.0	4	3.5±0.7	21.4±3.0
Abe Lk.	2002	M	91.1±2.0	25.1	3.1	3.8±1.4	4	4.0±0.7	33.8±4.2
Munising Ski Hill	2002	M	95.2±2.6	10.6	9.5	7.5±2.4	3	3.8±0.8	38.1±8.4
Miller Road	2002	M	86.9±3.2	25.3	0.0	12.4±4.0	6	3.3±0.5	39.3±6.7
Perch Lk. North	2002	M	96.7±1.8	14.2	8.5	15.6±2.5	12	3.4±0.4	43.4±5.1
HW Island	2002	M	85.7±3.4	19.9	0.2	22.2±2.9	9	2.5±0.4	50.4±6.0
PIRO	2002	P	96.3±1.3	29.1	0.1	24.4±3.9	9	3.3±0.4	45.4±5.7
553	2002	M	94.3±2.5	21.3	0.7	24.8±5.0	5	3.8±0.7	58.6±4.7
H-58	2002	M	89.9±2.0	21.9	0.1	27.5±4.1	6	2.6±0.4	47.3±8.8
Perch Lk. East	2002	M	85.2±2.4	14.2	1.8	31.3±3.5	9	1.6±0.2	45.4±5.3
Big Tree	2002	M	91.7±2.5	22.5	0.1	32.3±4.3	8	1.7±0.4	59.0±10.6
Miners Basin	2002	M	93.3±1.9	26.7	0.0	45.1±3.2	9	1.7±0.3	52.1±4.2
Miners North	2002	M	85.7±5.8	22.8	0.7	54.4±4.3	8	2.0±0.3	49.7±3.7

aManagement status of forest stand; P: protected area, M: managed forest.
^bNumber of clusters of sampled yew stems with ≥3 live stems.