Effects of Deer Settling Stimulus and Deer Density on Regeneration in a Harvested Southern New England Forest

Table 1

Three-factor repeated measures ANOVA used to examine the mean browse index and percent cover for conifer, forb, shrub, and hardwood plant groups at YMF. Independent factors were harvest strategy and exclosure presence, and the repeated factor was month. Only the main effects are presented.

Conifers
Browse index				Percent cover
Source	DF	𝐹	𝑃	Source	DF	𝐹	𝑃
Harvest strategy	2	1.47	0.251	Harvest strategy	2	1.05	0.366
Exclosure	1	1.07	0.312	Exclosure	1	0.01	0.908
Residuals	168			Residuals	120
Forbs
Browse index				Percent cover
Harvest strategy	2	1.19	0.323	Harvest strategy	2	2.85	0.080
Exclosure	1	1.84	0.188	Exclosure	1	0.03	0.858
Residuals	168			Residuals	120
Shrubs
Browse index				Percent cover
Harvest strategy	2	13.90	<0.001*	Harvest strategy	2	27.26	<0.001*
Exclosure	1	36.03	<0.001*	Exclosure	1	0.01	0.956
Residuals	168			Residuals	120
Hardwoods
Browse index				Percent cover
Harvest strategy	2	0.76	0.476	Harvest strategy	2	8.22	0.002*
Exclosure	1	18.97	<0.001*	Exclosure	1	0.05	0.823
Residuals	168			Residuals	120

∗Denotes significant results (𝑃≤0.05).