Microwave Heating as an Alternative Quarantine Method for Disinfestation of Stored Food Grains

Table 3

Response of stored-product insects to temperature [35].

Temperature (°C)	Zone	Effect
50–60	Lethal	Death in minutes
45		Death in hours
35	Suboptimum	Development stops
33–35		Development slows
25–33	Optimum	Maximum rate of development
13–25	Suboptimum	Development slows
13–20		Development stops
5	Lethal	Death in days
−10 to −5		Death in weeks to month
−25 to −15		Death in minutes, insects freeze