Review Article
Structures of Astaxanthin and Their Consequences for Therapeutic Application
Figure 3
Chemical players in the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS): superoxide anion (O2•–) radical, perhydroxyl (HO2•) radical, metal-catalyzed conversion of superoxide anion (O2•–) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) into hydroxyl (HO•) radical, and peroxyl radical (ROO•).