The Calcium Sensor CBL-CIPK Is Involved in Plant’s Response to Abiotic Stresses

Figure 1

This model represents the identified CBLs-CIPKs interactions process and how they respond to abiotic stresses from environmental sources and maintain homeostasis in cell. All signals are centrally controlled by Ca²⁺. Different colors indicate different pathways. AKT1: Arabidopsis K⁺ transporter 1, AKT2: Arabidopsis K⁺ transporter 2, and SOS1: salt overly sensitive 1. Mechanism in short: environmental stresses trigger Ca²⁺; Ca²⁺ transmits signal to sensor molecule Calcineurin B-like (CBL) protein-CBL-interacting protein kinase (CIPK) to activate the transporters to create ion homeostasis in cell.