Topological Characterization of Human and Mouse m⁵C Epitranscriptome Revealed by Bisulfite Sequencing

Figure 9

Dysregulation of RNA methylome after SRV infection of Jurkat cell. (a) At 10 days postinfection, uninfected or SRV-infected Jurkat cells were stained with SRV antibodies (green). Nuclei were visualized by Hoechst staining (blue). Arrows indicate the syncytium of infected cells. Scale bar: 50 μM. (b) The relative level of SRV-LTR in infected Jurkat cells was measured every two days by real-time PCR. GAPDH was used as the internal control. The relative level of SRV-LTR at each time point was normalized to the data at 2 dpi; mean ± SD, . (c) The absolute copy number of the SRV genome in culture medium was measured every two days by real-time PCR. SRV-LTR and SRV genome were not detected in all uninfected cells and culture medium, respectively; mean ± SD, . (d) The differentially methylated genes are enriched with the following functions including DNA replication (), mitotic nuclear division (), DNA replication initiation (), autophagosome assembly (), strand displacement (), double-strand break repair via homologous recombination (), and so on, while hypomethylated genes are enriched with the following biological processes including negative regulation of epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway (), DNA damage checkpoint (), cell migration (), and so on (see Figure 9 and Excel Sheet S5). (e) A weak but positive correlation (Pearson correlation = 0.07) is observed between RNA methylation level and expression level, which is consistent with our previous result; however, there are 23 genes that carry hyper- and hypomethylated sites simultaneously, which implies that RNA m⁵C carries more complicated biomolecular functions.

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