Electrodynamical Coupling of Earth's Atmosphere and Ionosphere: An Overview

Figure 6

Schematic model used for the calculation of electric field due to the injection of charged aerosols in the atmosphere-ionosphere circuit. 1—Earth’s surface, 2—ionosphere, 3—conducting current in the atmosphere and the ionosphere, 4—field-aligned current, 5—zone of upward convection of charged aerosols and external electric current formation, 6—zone of perturbation of atmospheric conductivity induced by radioactive elements emanation, 7—charged aerosols moving upward with soil gases, 8—radioactive elements emanation, credit [3].